Everything about Soufri Re Hills totally explained
The
Soufrière Hills volcano (
French "Sulfur" Hills) is an
active complex
stratovolcano with many lava domes forming its summit on the
Caribbean island of
Montserrat. After a long period of
dormancy it became active in
1995, and has continued to erupt ever since. Its eruptions have rendered much of Montserrat uninhabitable, destroying the capital city,
Plymouth, and causing widespread evacuations and about two thirds of the population to leave the island.
Seismic activity had occurred in 1897-98, 1933-37, and again in 1966-67, but the eruption that began on
July 18 1995 was the first since the 17th century. When
pyroclastic flows and mudflows began occurring regularly, Plymouth (the capital city) was evacuated, and a few weeks later a pyroclastic flow covered the city in several metres of debris. A large eruption on
June 25 1997 resulted in the deaths of nineteen people. The island's airport was directly in the path of the main pyroclastic flow and was destroyed. Montserrat's tourist industry was also destroyed. However, it's now regenerating. The governments of the
United Kingdom and Montserrat led the aid effort, including a £41 million package provided to the people of Montserrat; however, riots followed as the people protested that the British Government wasn't doing enough to aid relief.
The volcano is
andesitic in nature and the current pattern of activity includes periods of
dome growth, punctuated by brief episodes of dome collapse which result in pyroclastic flows, ash venting, and explosive eruption. On
December 24,
2006, streaks of red from the
pyroclastic flows became visible. On
January 8,
2007, an
evacuation order was issued for areas in the Lower Belham Valley, impacting an additional 100 persons.
The volcano has become one of the most closely monitored volcanoes in the world since its eruption began, with the
Montserrat Volcano Observatory taking detailed measurements and reporting on its activity to the government and population of Montserrat. The observatory is operated by the British Geological Survey under contract to the Government of Montserrat.
Soufrière Hills is also the volcano
Jimmy Buffett was refering to in his song
Volcano.
Further Information
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